It’s closely linked to psoriasis, a skin condition that causes red, scaly patches, though it can develop even in those who’ve never had visible psoriasis symptoms.
Living with PsA can be challenging, flare-ups, joint stiffness, and fatigue can interfere with daily life, but there are ways to manage symptoms and reduce inflammation through both medical treatment and lifestyle choices.
What Is Psoriatic Arthritis?
Psoriatic arthritis occurs when the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue, leading to inflammation in the joints and tendons. Over time, this can cause joint damage if left untreated.
PsA affects people differently, some may have mild joint discomfort, while others experience severe pain and swelling. Early diagnosis and treatment are key to preventing long-term damage.
Common Symptoms of Psoriatic Arthritis
While symptoms can vary from person to person, the most common include:
Joint pain and stiffness: Often worse in the morning or after periods of rest.
Swelling in fingers and toes (dactylitis): Sometimes referred to as “sausage digits.”
Tenderness where tendons attach to bones (enthesitis): Common in heels, elbows, or knees.
Fatigue and reduced mobility: Inflammation can lead to overall tiredness and decreased flexibility.
Nail changes: Thickened, pitted, or discoloured nails can occur alongside psoriasis.
Flare-ups and remissions: Symptoms can come and go unpredictably.
If you’re experiencing any combination of these symptoms — especially with psoriasis — it’s important to consult a GP or rheumatologist.
How Diet Can Help Manage Psoriatic Arthritis
While no diet can cure PsA, certain foods can help reduce inflammation, support joint health, and improve overall wellbeing.
Anti-inflammatory Foods
Oily fish such as salmon, mackerel, and sardines are rich in omega-3 fatty acids, which help reduce joint inflammation.
Colourful fruits and vegetables, especially berries, spinach, kale, and peppers, provide antioxidants that help combat oxidative stress.
Whole grains like brown rice, quinoa, and oats can help stabilise blood sugar levels, which may reduce inflammation triggers.
Nuts and seeds — especially flaxseeds, chia seeds, and walnuts — contain healthy fats and fibre.
Olive oil is an excellent anti-inflammatory alternative to butter or processed oils.
Foods to Limit
Processed foods and refined sugars can increase inflammation and worsen fatigue.
Red and processed meats may trigger flare-ups in some people.
Excessive alcohol can interfere with medications and aggravate symptoms.
Supplements That May Help
Always consult your GP before starting any new supplements, especially if you’re taking prescribed medication. However, research suggests the following can support joint and immune health:
Omega-3 Fish Oil: Reduces inflammation and may ease morning stiffness.
Vitamin D: Supports immune function; deficiency is common in people with autoimmune conditions.
Turmeric (Curcumin): A powerful natural anti-inflammatory; best absorbed with black pepper or fat.
Glucosamine and Chondroitin: May support cartilage and joint flexibility.
Probiotics: Help maintain gut health, which plays a role in immune regulation.
Lifestyle Tips for Managing Psoriatic Arthritis
Alongside diet and supplements, lifestyle changes can make a big difference:
Stay active: Gentle exercises like swimming, yoga, or walking keep joints flexible.
Maintain a healthy weight: Reducing strain on the joints can alleviate pain.
Manage stress: Stress can trigger flare-ups — consider mindfulness, relaxation, or breathing exercises.
Get adequate rest: Prioritise quality sleep to allow the body to recover and manage inflammation.
When to Seek Medical Advice
If you suspect you may have psoriatic arthritis, don’t ignore the symptoms. Early diagnosis allows for better management through medication and physical therapy, helping to prevent joint damage. PsA is a lifelong condition, but with the right combination of medical care, nutrition, and self-care, many people live full and active lives.
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