Thursday, 5 November 2026

BOHS Legionella Conference 2026 to Mark 50 Years Since Outbreak

The BOHS Legionella Conference 2026 takes place in Manchester on 24 November, bringing experts together to discuss prevention and control.

Fifty years after a major outbreak led to the identification of Legionella, experts will meet in Manchester to consider why Legionella control remains a challenge and what can be done to prevent future cases.

The British Occupational Hygiene Society (BOHS) Legionella Conference 2026 takes place on 24 November. Its programme will look beyond compliance, exploring how risks can be anticipated, designed out and controlled throughout the life cycle of water systems.

The 1976 outbreak transformed understanding of Legionnaires’ disease and the bacteria that cause it. Scientific knowledge has advanced considerably since then, including our understanding of the conditions in which Legionella can thrive. Yet the disease remains a foreseeable and preventable risk, and complex water systems can still be difficult to manage effectively.

BOHS, the Chartered Society for Worker Health Protection, brings an occupational hygiene perspective to the issue. That means focusing on identifying hazards, understanding exposure and preventing harm before it occurs.

The conference will bring together specialists from water safety, occupational hygiene and industry to discuss practical challenges in Legionella prevention and control. Confirmed speakers include Tom Laffey of ISHEM, whose session will examine Legionella risks from wet stone cutting and beyond, and Peter Priday of Compass Group, who will speak about the trials and tribulations of being a Responsible Person.

Jim Perry of Water Hygiene Centre will explain why water safety design reviews are critical, while Anthony Matthews of the Legionella Control Association will present a session on the organisation.

Together, the talks will consider risks at different stages of a water system’s life, from design through to day-to-day operation and the practical responsibilities of those managing safety.

The wet stone cutting session will also highlight how workplace health risks can be connected. Measures intended to control one hazard may create another if risks are considered in isolation. A broader approach can help organisations identify those links and make better-informed decisions.

BOHS Chief Executive Professor Kevin Bampton told That's Healh that new and novel causes of outbreaks may emerge as climate change affects conditions and people find different ways to use and conserve water and energy. 

He added that better understanding and knowledge are central to controlling the disease, making collaboration between practitioners, academics and regulators increasingly important.

The BOHS Legionella Conference 2026 offers those involved in water safety and workplace health an opportunity to share experience and consider how prevention can improve.

For further information and to book a place, visit the BOHS Legionella Conference 2026 website.

https://www.bohs.org

Can Sugar and Chocolate Cause Diabetes? The Facts

Does eating sugar or chocolate cause diabetes? Find out what the evidence says about type 1 and type 2 diabetes, blood glucose and diet.

It's an understandable question. Diabetes involves high blood sugar, so it can seem as though eating sugar must be what causes it. 

The reality is more complicated: eating sugar or chocolate does not directly cause diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune condition. The body’s immune system attacks the cells that make insulin, and it is not caused by eating sweets or by someone’s lifestyle. Type 2 diabetes develops when the body does not make enough insulin or cannot use it properly. Its causes are complex, and no single food is responsible. Diabetes UK

That does not mean diet is irrelevant. Sugary foods and drinks can contain a lot of calories. If someone regularly consumes more energy than their body needs, this can contribute to weight gain; living with overweight or obesity is one factor associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes. Sugar-sweetened drinks are also linked with increased risk. 

But that is different from saying that a bar of chocolate, or sugar on its own, causes diabetes.

Chocolate can still affect blood glucose levels in someone who already has diabetes. It contains carbohydrate, including sugar, which can raise blood glucose. The amount and effect will depend on the chocolate, portion size and the person. That is why people managing diabetes may find it helpful to check food labels and follow advice from their diabetes care team. Having diabetes does not automatically mean that all sweet foods must be banned.

For everyone, cutting down on sugary drinks and limiting foods high in free sugars can support a balanced diet and help protect dental health. The NHS advises that too much sugar can contribute to weight gain and tooth decay. It is sensible to look at overall eating habits rather than blaming one food. NHS

So, can sugar and chocolate cause diabetes? Not directly. Type 1 diabetes is not caused by diet, and type 2 diabetes has several contributing factors. 

Frequent sugary drinks and a diet that contributes to weight gain may play a part in risk, but chocolate alone is not the explanation.

If you are worried about your risk or have symptoms such as unusual thirst, passing urine more often or unexplained weight loss, contact your GP or NHS 111 for advice. Diabetes is diagnosed with a blood test, so it is better to get checked than to try to diagnose yourself. nhs.uk

Friday, 30 October 2026

Fake Weight-Loss Pens Warning: Five Checks Before Buying Medicines Online

A seizure of counterfeit weight-loss medicines in Birmingham has highlighted why checking an online pharmacy’s credentials matters far more than its slick website or tempting prices.

On 14 October, the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA), working with West Midlands Police, seized over 12,000 fake weight-loss pens from an industrial unit in the city. 

Worth approximately £2 million, the haul also included packaging for around 30,000 additional products.

For people seeking help with their weight, the warning is clear: convincing packaging and professional branding cannot establish whether a medicine is genuine.

Tim Duffield, Head Intelligence at the MHRA’s Criminal Enforcement Unit told That'sd Health: "We are tackling the organised criminal gangs whose illegal trade in unauthorised medicines puts people at risk of serious harm.

"Our officers seized around £2 million worth of fake weight loss medicines from a filthy warehouse on an industrial estate. These products have not been assessed for safety, quality or effectiveness, and there is no guarantee of what they contain or whether they have been contaminated with harmful substances.

"Retatrutide has not been authorised for use in the UK. Products being sold as retatrutide outside legitimate clinical trials are being supplied illegally and could pose serious risks to public health.

"We urge people to avoid buying weight-loss medicines from unregulated sources. Anyone considering GLP-1 treatment should speak to a healthcare professional and only obtain medicines from a registered pharmacy against a valid prescription."

Boo Dhaliwal, pharmacist and chief executive of Pharmacy Planet, told us online pharmacies can make healthcare more accessible, convenient and discreet. However, patients need to understand the difference between a registered pharmacy and an illegal seller.

“If the trainers are fake, you've wasted your money. If the medicine is fake, you could be putting your health, or even your life, at risk,” he warns.

Counterfeit products may contain incorrect doses, undeclared substances or harmful contaminants. Their contents cannot be trusted, however closely they resemble legitimate treatments.

Before ordering medicines online, take these five precautions:

1. Check the pharmacy’s registration. For pharmacies in England, Scotland and Wales, use the General Pharmaceutical Council’s official register. In Northern Ireland, check with the Pharmaceutical Society of Northern Ireland. Never rely solely on a logo displayed on a seller’s website.

2. Expect a proper clinical assessment. Prescription-only weight-loss medicines require a valid prescription. A prescriber should assess whether treatment is appropriate, consider your medical history and discuss benefits and risks. Offers to bypass these checks are a warning sign.

3. Identify the business. Look for a registered pharmacy address and accessible contact details. Check that these match the regulator’s records.

4. Question unrealistic promises. Guaranteed results, unusually cheap treatments and pressure to buy immediately should prompt caution.

5. Avoid informal sellers. Do not buy weight-loss injections through private messages, unregulated social media accounts or other sellers whose credentials you cannot verify. The MHRA advises obtaining these medicines through legitimate pharmacies following consultation with a healthcare professional.

Safe online healthcare includes professional advice, appropriate prescribing and ongoing support. Those safeguards matter just as much online as they do at your local pharmacy.

If you suspect a medicine is counterfeit, seek advice from a pharmacist or doctor. Consult the MHRA’s #FakeMeds guidance and report suspected counterfeit products or side effects through its Yellow Card scheme.

https://fakemeds.campaign.gov.uk

Saturday, 24 October 2026

Remembering Mia: A Call to Make Eating Out Safer for People with Allergies

Mia Shay St Hilaire was 12 when she died after drinking a milkshake contaminated with hazelnut residue.

At the inquest, the coroner concluded that a Twix milkshake Mia ordered at a Bermondsey café had been made in a blender that had not been cleaned after it was used to prepare a Kinder Bueno milkshake.

Mia had a nut allergy. She suffered a rapidly progressing allergic reaction and, despite extensive emergency treatment and care in intensive care, died in hospital on 30 August 2023.

It is difficult to imagine the grief her family continue to live with. Their account of Mia also makes clear that she was far more than the circumstances of her death. She was adventurous and curious about the world, loved music and played several instruments, including the flute, drums and guitar. 

She was learning Mandarin, Latin and French, and dreamed of travelling. Her family describe a young person who embraced life and its possibilities.

Following the inquest, Mia’s parents thanked the coroner for investigating what happened and called for changes to help protect people living with food allergies. 

They want a clear, comprehensive framework for allergy management, stronger guidance and training for local authority inspectors, better support and training for food businesses, and a dedicated allergy safety rating to help customers make informed choices.

A standard food hygiene rating can tell customers about a business’s hygiene standards, but Mia’s family say it does not show how well that business manages allergens. Their proposal is intended to give people with allergies clearer information when deciding where to eat.

There are practical safeguards food businesses can put in place. The Food Standards Agency advises businesses to keep allergen information accurate and up to date, train staff to handle allergy enquiries, and clean utensils and equipment between uses to reduce the risk of cross-contamination.

For people with food allergies and their families, eating out should not have to mean accepting avoidable uncertainty. Mia’s parents hope that lessons from the inquest will lead to stronger protections and help prevent another family from experiencing such a loss.

Remembering Mia means recognising her love of music, learning and adventure, and listening to the changes her family are asking for in her name.

Mia's family are represented by specialist law firm Leigh Day https://www.leighday.co.uk

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Thursday, 22 October 2026

Shock Figures Reveal 96% of us Aren't Getting Enough!

Millions of adults and children in the UK are falling short of the recommended amount of fibre in their diets. Government figures cited by Linwoods Health Foods suggest that 96% of adults consume too little, with average daily intake at just 16g, around half the recommended 30g.

The picture is similar among young people: 96% of 11 to 18-year-olds are also said to be missing the daily recommendation. 

Linwoods is highlighting this “fibre gap” with GP, author and television doctor Dr Amir Khan, who says that small, sustainable changes to everyday eating can help.

“Fibre is an essential part of a healthy, balanced diet, yet the vast majority of adults in the UK aren’t getting enough of it,” Dr Khan told That's Health.

“Small changes to our everyday eating habits can make a real difference.”

Fibre supports digestive health and feeds beneficial bacteria in the gut. It can also help people feel fuller for longer. Higher fibre intake has been associated with a lower risk of conditions including heart disease, type 2 diabetes and bowel cancer, making it an important part of a balanced diet.

Linwoods says the average adult is around 14g short of the recommended daily amount. Its new Boost range includes Fibre Boost, designed to be added to foods people already enjoy. A 20g serving provides 8g of fibre: 4g soluble and 4g insoluble. Stir it into porridge, yoghurt, smoothies or savoury dishes, following the pack instructions.

Managing director Patrick Woods says the range was developed to make it easier to add fibre to everyday meals. The company advises starting with less than a full serving and gradually increasing the amount over one to two weeks. Mix it into food or liquid rather than eating it dry, and drink around 300ml of fluid with each serving.

There are plenty of other ways to boost fibre intake, too. Try choosing wholegrain bread instead of white, adding seeds to breakfast, eating more beans and other pulses, and including a wider variety of fruit and vegetables. Making changes gradually can help you find options that fit your usual routine.

Linwoods Boost products are gluten-free and suitable for vegan and vegetarian diets. The range is available at Tesco, Waitrose, Morrisons, Holland & Barrett, Dunnes Stores, Whole Foods, Grape Tree, Ocado and Booths.

For product information or online orders, visit linwoodshealthfoods.com.

Tuesday, 20 October 2026

UKHCA conference to focus on protecting hearing in a changing world

The changing ways we work, listen to music and experience noise will be at the heart of the UK Hearing Conservation Association’s (UKHCA) annual conference in Manchester on 3 November.

Organised with the British Occupational Hygiene Society (BOHS), UKHCA 2026: Hearing Conservation – Making an Impact will bring together specialists from regulation, occupational health, audiology, academia and industry to explore ways to protect hearing at work and in everyday life.

The focus is shifting from measuring noise exposure to preventing harm through stronger risk management, effective hearing protection, health surveillance and public awareness. The Health and Safety Executive (HSE) will update delegates on its new workplace noise campaign, setting out the regulator’s priorities and what they mean for employers.

The programme also looks beyond traditional workplace noise. Sessions will consider recreational noise and young people’s hearing, ways to engage Gen Z with hearing protection, and how the World Health Organization’s Global Standard for Safe Listening can be put into practice at music venues and events.

Other topics include hearing protection effectiveness, the value of training, occupational health and audiology practice, safe noise exposure for hearing aid users, and the business case for noise risk management. The programme will also consider how case law has influenced claims for hearing damage.

The wider effects of hearing loss will be addressed too, including research into the association between hearing impairment and depression among older adults.

Clare Forshaw, UKHCA founder and director, told That's Heath that protecting hearing means understanding how people encounter sound, use protection and identify damage early. People should value their hearing before it is affected.

The conference will feature contributions from the HSE, RNID, the British Society of Audiology, the Ministry of Defence and Tinnitus UK, alongside researchers from UK and international universities.

For the first time, the event will also host the UKHCA Hearing Conservation Champions Awards, recognising people and organisations making a positive contribution to hearing conservation.

Professor Kevin Bampton, chief executive of BOHS, explained that noise-induced hearing damage is preventable, but effective prevention means treating hearing as worth protecting throughout working and wider life, not simply meeting compliance requirements. He added that collaboration between occupational hygiene, audiology, acoustics, occupational health, research and regulation is essential to turn knowledge into better prevention.

For the full programme and booking details, visit the UKHCA 2026 conference page.

https://www.bohs.org/

As a personal note even though I spent the six years in the mid to late 1970s in a noisy industrial working environment wearing hearing protection I still suffered some hearing loss.

Friday, 16 October 2026

Thursday, 15 October 2026

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How the Chicago Painkiller Murders Changed Medicine Packaging Forever

That's Health. The shocking story behind the safety features we now take for granted

When we collect a prescription from our local pharmacy or buy a packet of painkillers from the supermarket, we rarely give much thought to the packaging.

Tablets are frequently sealed individually in blister packs, bottles have tamper-evident seals, and some medicines come in containers designed to prevent children from opening them.

But have you ever wondered why these precautions became so important?

Part of the answer lies in a horrifying series of unsolved murders in Chicago in 1982, when an unknown killer turned ordinary painkillers into deadly weapons.

The Chicago Tylenol Murders

In September 1982, seven people in the Chicago area died after taking Extra-Strength Tylenol capsules that had been deliberately contaminated with potassium cyanide.

Tylenol, a popular American painkiller containing acetaminophen (known in Britain as paracetamol), was manufactured by Johnson & Johnson's subsidiary McNeil Consumer Products.

The victims had simply taken what they believed to be safe, everyday medication.

Investigators discovered that someone had apparently interfered with bottles of Tylenol after they had left the manufacturer, replacing the contents of some capsules with cyanide before returning the contaminated products to shop shelves.

The resulting deaths shocked America and triggered an enormous investigation.

Johnson & Johnson responded by recalling approximately 31 million bottles of Tylenol capsules, an action that became a landmark example of corporate crisis management.

The murders also exposed a frightening weakness in medicine packaging: consumers had little reliable way of knowing whether somebody had interfered with the contents before purchase.

A Revolution in Medicine Safety

The Chicago murders helped transform the way medicines were packaged and sold.

Manufacturers introduced increasingly sophisticated tamper-evident packaging, including foil seals, shrink bands, sealed cartons and other protective measures.

In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration introduced new tamper-resistant packaging requirements for many over-the-counter medicines.

The aim was straightforward: make unauthorised interference more difficult and, crucially, make it easier for customers to recognise when packaging had been opened or damaged.

The tragedy also accelerated the move away from easily opened capsules towards alternative formulations and more secure packaging.

Why Blister Packs Matter

Blister packaging, in which individual tablets or capsules are enclosed in separate compartments, provides several important benefits.

- Tamper evidence: Damage to an individual compartment may reveal that somebody has interfered with a medicine.

- Protection: Sealed compartments can help protect medicines against moisture, dirt and contamination.

- Dose management: Individual compartments make it easier to see how many tablets remain.

- Identification: Printed foil and packaging can carry important product information.

- Reduced handling: Patients need only remove the tablet they intend to take, leaving the others protected.

However, there is an important historical distinction.

Blister packs were already being used before the Chicago murders. The tragedy did not invent blister packaging, but it helped drive a much wider reassessment of medicine security and the adoption of tamper-evident protection.

Not every blister pack is child-resistant, and blister packaging alone cannot guarantee that a medicine has not been tampered with.

What About Britain?

In Britain, blister packaging has become a familiar feature of everyday medicines, particularly tablets and capsules.

However, the widespread use of blister packs in the UK cannot be attributed solely to the Chicago murders.

Medicine stability, manufacturing improvements, dispensing practices and patient safety have all contributed.

Another important development came in 1998, when the UK introduced restrictions on the quantities of paracetamol and certain other painkillers that could be sold in individual transactions.

These measures were intended primarily to reduce deaths and serious harm from overdoses, rather than prevent deliberate product tampering.

Blister packaging can also make it less convenient to remove large numbers of tablets quickly, although it is not a foolproof safeguard against overdose.

The Safety Lessons We Should Never Forget

More than four decades after the Chicago murders, the lessons remain relevant.

Always check medicine packaging before use. If a seal appears broken, a blister compartment is damaged, or tablets look different from what you normally receive, ask a pharmacist for advice before taking them.

Medicines should also be stored securely, out of the sight and reach of children.

And remember that child-resistant packaging is not childproof.

The Chicago Tylenol murders remain one of the most disturbing cases of deliberate product tampering in modern history.

Yet they also prompted changes that helped make medicines safer for millions of people.

The next time you press a tablet through its foil backing, consider the extraordinary history behind something so ordinary.

What looks like a simple piece of packaging is part of a much larger story about public trust, consumer protection and patient safety.

That's Health – Helping you understand the everyday things that protect your health.


Thursday, 8 October 2026

Convoluted Bowels: How a Surgeon’s Throwaway Remark Led to 30 Years of Unnecessary Suffering

An update from That's Health

Thirty years ago, I underwent a bowel examination that should have provided an important clue to a medical problem that would continue to trouble me for decades.

Before the examination, I had been given Picolax, a powerful bowel-cleansing preparation intended to empty the intestines before an endoscopic examination.

Unfortunately, it hadn't worked properly.

During the examination, the surgeon made what seemed at the time to be a throwaway remark. He told me that I had convoluted bowels, and that this was why the Picolax had failed to clear my bowel adequately and not, as he had presumed, because I hadn't taken the Picolax correctly, for which he had apologised. 

And that, as far as I was concerned, was that.

Nobody explained that convoluted bowels could represent a recognised anatomical variation associated with medical problems. Nobody discussed what it might mean for my future bowel health or whether I needed to take particular precautions.

Over the following 30 years, I continued to experience bowel difficulties. Yet, despite consultations with GP practices, the surgeon's observation was never raised with me again. I now wonder if his diagnosis was passed on to my medical practice?

The Discovery I Made Myself

Eventually, while carrying out my own research, I came across information about convoluted bowels.

To my considerable surprise, I discovered that the term could refer to a recognised medical condition, often described as a redundant colon or dolichocolon.

Essentially, this means that the colon is longer than usual and may form additional loops.

For some people, this causes no problems whatsoever. For others, however, it can be associated with chronic constipation, abdominal discomfort, bloating and difficulties with normal bowel movements.

Suddenly, the surgeon's remark from three decades earlier took on an entirely different significance.

I began wondering why nobody had explained this to me at the time, and why my GP practices had never mentioned it during the intervening years.

I had spent decades struggling with a problem that might have been better understood much earlier.

My Wife, a Century-Old Medical Book and a Breakthrough

Fortunately, my wife is a qualified nurse.

She has the professional knowledge and experience to understand medical information and, importantly, the determination to investigate problems rather than simply accept that nothing can be done.

In trying to help me, she consulted a medical book that was more than 100 years old.

The information she found helped her approach my bowel difficulties from a different perspective.

Together with her nursing knowledge, it led to a practical approach involving lactulose and dietary changes.

Lactulose is an osmotic laxative that draws water into the bowel, softening stools and making them easier to pass.

Combined with adjustments to my diet, it has finally helped me manage the bowel difficulties that had caused so much trouble over the years.

What an extraordinary situation: after 30 years of medical consultations, the breakthrough came through my wife's nursing experience, my own research and information from a book written more than a century ago.

Why Wasn't I Told?

This is perhaps the most frustrating aspect of the entire experience.

The surgeon clearly recognised that my bowel anatomy was unusual. He even connected it with the failure of the Picolax preparation.

Yet I was never given an explanation of what that observation might mean.

I appreciate that medicine has changed considerably over the past three decades. I also recognise that not everyone with a redundant colon experiences constipation and that my symptoms could have had several contributing causes.

Nevertheless, surely an observation that might have implications for a patient's future health deserves more than a passing comment?

Had I understood the significance of convoluted bowels 30 years ago, I could have asked more informed questions, discussed possible treatments and perhaps avoided some of the difficulties I subsequently experienced.

Can Older Medical Books Still Teach Us Something?

I believe there is another important lesson in this experience.

We live in an age of remarkable medical advances, sophisticated diagnostic equipment and increasingly effective treatments.

But that doesn't mean older medical literature has nothing to offer.

Some observations about human anatomy, digestion and bowel function were made long before today's medical technologies existed.

Of course, historical medical advice must always be assessed against current scientific evidence. Some treatments recommended a century ago would be inappropriate or even dangerous today.

However, the fact that my wife found useful information in such an old publication demonstrates why medical history should not automatically be dismissed.

Lactulose itself is a modern treatment, introduced long after that book was published. It was the older information, interpreted alongside modern nursing knowledge, that helped inform her approach.

What Should Other People Do?

If you suffer from long-standing constipation or other persistent bowel difficulties, my advice is to ask questions.

Find out whether there might be an underlying explanation for your symptoms.

If you have previously undergone a colonoscopy or another bowel investigation, consider asking whether any unusual anatomical findings were recorded.

And if a doctor mentions something you don't understand, ask them to explain it.

Dietary changes and laxatives can help many people with constipation, although treatment needs to be tailored to the individual. Increasing fibre, for example, can sometimes worsen bloating and discomfort in people with slow bowel transit.

Lactulose is not suitable for every situation and can itself cause wind and bloating. (But some wind might well be a worthwhile sacrifice if the Lactulose works?)

Anyone with persistent constipation should discuss appropriate treatment with a healthcare professional.

Thirty Years Is a Long Time to Wait

I am delighted that my bowel problems are now being managed much more successfully.

But I remain deeply disappointed that an observation made by a surgeon three decades ago was apparently never followed up or properly explained to me.

My experience has reinforced two beliefs.

Firstly, patients deserve clear explanations of medical findings, even when those findings are made incidentally during an examination.

Secondly, we should never underestimate the knowledge, dedication and resourcefulness of qualified nurses.

In my case, my wife helped achieve something that years of medical consultations had failed to accomplish.

And it all began with a throwaway remark from a surgeon 30 years ago, a remark whose significance I only discovered through my own research.

Further Information

NHS – Constipation: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/constipation/

NHS – Lactulose: https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/lactulose/

Guts UK – Digestive health information: https://gutscharity.org.uk/

This article relates my personal experience and should not be regarded as a substitute for medical advice.

Tuesday, 6 October 2026

Hemp Oil Toothpaste: Healthy Smile or Just Another Wellness Trend?

Hemp seems to be turning up everywhere these days, in foods, skincare products, supplements and even toothpaste. 

But does brushing your teeth with hemp oil actually offer any advantages, or is it simply another way of making an everyday product sound more exciting?

Hemp oil toothpaste generally contains hemp seed oil, produced from the seeds of Cannabis sativa. 

Despite the association with cannabis, hemp seed oil doesn't produce a “high” and shouldn't be confused with products containing significant quantities of THC.

So what are the claimed benefits?

Hemp seed oil naturally contains fatty acids, including omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, along with other plant compounds. Manufacturers of hemp toothpastes sometimes suggest these ingredients can help soothe and moisturise the gums and contribute to a healthier oral environment.

Another frequently mentioned claim concerns inflammation. Hemp seed oil has attracted research interest for its potential anti-inflammatory properties, leading to suggestions that it could be beneficial for irritated or sensitive gums. 

However, evidence specifically demonstrating a meaningful dental benefit from hemp oil toothpaste remains limited.

Some hemp toothpastes also contain ingredients such as peppermint oil, activated charcoal, aloe vera or other botanical extracts. These may influence freshness, taste and how the toothpaste feels, but their presence doesn't necessarily make the toothpaste more effective at preventing tooth decay.

And that's where an important distinction needs to be made.

Don't Forget the Fluoride

For most people, one of the most important ingredients to look for in toothpaste remains fluoride. Fluoride has extensive evidence supporting its ability to strengthen tooth enamel and reduce tooth decay.

Some hemp and “natural” toothpastes are fluoride-free. That doesn't automatically make them bad products, but consumers shouldn't assume that hemp oil provides an equivalent alternative to fluoride for cavity protection. It doesn't.

Similarly, claims that hemp toothpaste can “detox” the mouth, dramatically whiten teeth or cure gum disease deserve considerable caution unless they're backed by good clinical evidence.

There may nevertheless be reasons why somebody enjoys using hemp oil toothpaste. Its formulation may feel pleasant on the gums, and people who enjoy botanical oral-care products may prefer its taste and texture. Most importantly, a toothpaste you actually enjoy using may encourage regular brushing.

For That’s Health, our view is that hemp oil toothpaste is an interesting addition to the increasingly crowded natural oral-care market, and some of its ingredients certainly warrant further research. 

But at present, the evidence doesn't justify treating hemp oil as a wonder ingredient for teeth and gums.

If you're tempted to try one, check the complete ingredients rather than simply looking for the word “hemp” on the packaging. Ideally, choose an appropriate fluoride toothpaste, brush thoroughly twice a day, clean between your teeth and keep up regular dental check-ups.

Hemp oil might make toothpaste more interesting, but good old-fashioned dental hygiene is still doing most of the important work.

As for myself? I use Arm and Hammer toothpaste and a hemp oil toothpaste as I'm trying to get the best of both worlds!

Friday, 2 October 2026

"They Injected what into my face"?

Beauty treatments have included some decidedly unusual ingredients over the years, but one of the latest crazes may take some beating: salmon DNA injected into your skin.

Usually called polynucleotide (PN) or polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) treatments, they have become fashionable as so-called regenerative beauty treatments. 

They're being promoted for improving skin texture and elasticity, reducing fine lines and helping tired-looking skin, particularly around the eyes.

But does the science support the enthusiasm?

And there's another question: do customers realise which part of the salmon is commonly used to obtain that DNA?

Yes, we're talking about salmon sperm.

Calling the treatment "salmon DNA" makes it sound rather clinical. "Salmon sperm facial" sounds considerably less glamorous.

Scientific reviews describe polynucleotides used in aesthetic medicine as being derived from highly purified DNA from salmon or trout gonads.

More specifically, PDRN can be produced from DNA obtained from salmon sperm. It's important to stress that practitioners aren't simply injecting raw salmon sperm into someone's face. The DNA is extracted, purified and processed into fragments used in the treatment.

Nevertheless, we suspect there will be two very different reactions to discovering the origin: "How fascinating!" and "They're injecting WHAT into my face?

Incidentally some companies use salmon DNA in non-injectionalable preparations, for applying to the face.

For vegetarians and vegans, the animal origin is obviously an important consideration too.

But does salmon DNA actually work?

This is where things become more interesting, because there is genuine scientific research behind polynucleotides, but the evidence isn't yet strong enough to justify every extravagant claim made for them.

A systematic review examining nine studies involving 219 patients found promising improvements in wrinkles, skin texture and elasticity. Side effects were generally mild and temporary, and patient satisfaction ranged from moderate to high. However, the researchers stressed that the available studies were of low or moderate quality and called for better research.

More recent evidence remains encouraging but cautious. A 2026 systematic review of seven randomised trials involving 183 participants found benefits across skin rejuvenation, scar treatment and wound healing, with particularly consistent results for wound healing. However, researchers again highlighted small studies, differing treatment methods and the need for larger trials.

A 2026 study involving 42 people receiving polynucleotide injections around the eyes also reported improvements and high satisfaction, particularly three months after two treatments. But this was an observational study without the strength of a large controlled clinical trial.

Miracle treatment or promising newcomer?

At That's Health, we'd put salmon DNA treatments firmly in the promising but not yet proven beyond doubt category.

There's enough research to suggest polynucleotides aren't simply another nonsensical internet beauty fad. There are plausible biological mechanisms and encouraging clinical results.

But "promising" and "clinically proven miracle treatment" are two very different things.

And before paying for injections, we'd want to know exactly what product was being used, who was administering it, their medical qualifications, the possible adverse effects, and whether the clinic had made it absolutely clear that the glamorous-sounding "salmon DNA" may have begun its journey in the reproductive organs of a fish.

Which brings us to our question for That's Health readers:

Would knowing that the treatment is derived from salmon sperm put you off, or, if there were convincing evidence that it worked, wouldn't you care where it came from?

One particularly interesting point is that the 2026 evidence is stronger for tissue and wound healing than it is for cosmetic rejuvenation, so the science is rather more nuanced than some of the beauty-industry publicity suggests.

Wednesday, 30 September 2026

A Gift of Gratitude: £10,000 Donation Helps Older People Across Hampshire

Sometimes, practical help at the right moment can make an enormous difference. 

For one Hampshire couple, support with benefit application forms brought financial relief during a deeply difficult period. 

Now, that kindness has inspired a generous gift to help others.

An anonymous husband has donated £10,000 to Age Concern Hampshire after his wife received help from the charity’s free Form Filling Service last year, while her health was deteriorating.

Working with a volunteer, the couple discovered they were entitled to benefits they had not realised they could claim. The additional money made a real difference as they faced the challenges of her declining health.

Sadly, his wife has since died. In recognition of the support they received, her husband wanted to give something back, helping the charity continue its work with older people and families throughout Hampshire.

The donation is eligible for Gift Aid, meaning Age Concern Hampshire expects to claim an additional £2,500 at no extra cost to the donor. That would bring the total value of his gift to £12,500.

Brogan Rehill, the charity’s Head of Strategy, Partnerships and Community Impact, described the donation as incredibly significant for a local organisation. She said the story behind it was particularly moving, demonstrating the lasting impact that staff and volunteers can have on people’s lives.

It is a reminder that support does not always need to be complicated to be life-changing. Having someone explain an unfamiliar process, identify possible entitlements and help complete paperwork can ease a considerable burden.

For older people coping with illness, disability or bereavement, official forms can feel daunting. Families and carers may also struggle to find their way through the system while managing other responsibilities.

Age Concern Hampshire’s Information & Advice service, including its free Form Filling Service, helps people understand available support. Assistance includes forms for Attendance Allowance, Personal Independence Payment, Pension Credit and Blue Badge applications.

The independent local charity also offers practical, social and wellbeing services, including Later Life & Dementia Day Care, Help at Home, Foot Care, social groups and digital support.

Its aim is to help older people live well, maintain independence and remain connected to their communities.

Donations, fundraising, grants and volunteers all help sustain this work. This husband’s thoughtful gift will enable support to reach more people when they need it.

To learn more about services, volunteering or making a donation, visit Age Concern Hampshire’s website and explore how you could help. https://www.ageconcernhampshire.org.uk

Vape tax: are former smokers being punished for switching?

For people who have replaced cigarettes with vaping, the arrival of a new tax may feel like a financial penalty for making a healthier choice.

A survey by retailer E-Cigarette Direct suggests considerable anxiety ahead of Vaping Products Duty, which begins on Thursday, 1 October 2026.

Of 2,068 vapers surveyed, 52% expected a major financial impact, while another 37% anticipated a moderate impact.

The duty is £2.20 per 10ml of vaping liquid, including nicotine-free varieties. With VAT, that represents a potential £2.64 increase if fully passed on to customers: approximately £964 annually for somebody using 10ml daily. 

Eligible existing unstamped stock can, however, continue to be sold until 31 March 2027, meaning price increases may arrive unevenly.

The government’s stated aim is to discourage vaping among young people and non-smokers while preserving a financial incentive for smokers to switch.

However, 28% of respondents who previously smoked said they would never have switched if this tax had already existed.

More concerningly, 23% said higher prices would make them more likely to smoke or purchase illegal nicotine products. Within overlapping responses, 17% indicated greater likelihood of buying illegal products and 13% of smoking.

These figures describe intentions, rather than behaviour already observed, but they raise questions about possible unintended consequences.

More than 600 respondents submitted comments, many expressing anger or feeling punished for abandoning cigarettes. 

E-Cigarette Direct chairman James Dunworth urged the government to monitor returning smokers, reduced switching and growth in illegal sales.

There are limitations. Participants came from the retailer’s email subscribers, almost all had previously smoked, and the results were not weighted to represent UK vapers. Respondents also saw estimated annual tax costs before answering the financial impact question. This is a snapshot of one customer community, rather than a national forecast.

Nevertheless, the health distinction matters. The NHS advises that vaping is less harmful than smoking, although it is not harmless and its long-term effects remain uncertain. Children and non-smokers should not start.

For former smokers worried about affordability, returning to cigarettes is a damaging response. Speak to a pharmacist or local stop smoking service about managing cravings and suitable alternatives. Buy vaping products from reputable suppliers covered by UK safety regulations.

Protecting young people is essential. So is helping adults remain smoke-free. Policymakers must judge this tax by its health consequences, alongside the revenue it generates.

https://www.ecigarettedirect.co.uk

Tuesday, 22 September 2026

That's Business: Are Your Premises Still Too Loud?

That's Business: Are Your Premises Still Too Loud?: We’ve raised the issue before on That’s Business: why do so many shops, shopping centres, pubs, cafĂ©s and restaurants insist on being so lou...

Sunday, 20 September 2026

Living With a Convoluted Bowel: Where to Find Help, Advice and Support

Following our earlier That’s Health article about convoluted bowels, we wanted to look at another important question: where can people living with the condition turn for reliable information and support?

A convoluted bowel, also called a redundant or tortuous colon, means the large bowel is longer than usual and consequently has additional twists and loops. For some people it causes few difficulties. For others, constipation, bloating, abdominal discomfort and difficulty completely emptying the bowel can become recurring problems.

One difficulty is that you probably won't find a large UK charity devoted specifically to convoluted bowels. However, there are excellent organisations offering information about constipation and digestive health more generally.

Guts UK https://gutscharity.org.uk

Guts UK is the UK's national charity for the digestive system and is an excellent starting point.

Its website includes detailed information about constipation, its possible causes and available treatments. Importantly, it also points out that simply eating ever-increasing quantities of fibre isn't necessarily appropriate for everybody. With severe constipation, Guts UK advises consulting a doctor before continuing to increase fibre because doing so can sometimes make symptoms worse.

Guts UK also operates a helpline on 0300 102 4887, Monday-Friday, 10am-2pm, providing information, guidance and signposting for people affected by digestive conditions and symptoms.

There is also an excellent online Poo-Torial, designed to help people understand changes in the colour, consistency and frequency of their stools.

The NHS https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/constipation

The NHS constipation guide provides straightforward advice on managing constipation and, importantly, explains when you should speak to your GP.

The NHS recommends seeking medical advice if constipation isn't improving with treatment, keeps recurring, is accompanied by regular bloating or abdominal pain, or if there is blood in your poo, unexplained weight loss, persistent tiredness or a sudden change in bowel habits.

Long-term constipation can sometimes result in faecal impaction, so persistent problems shouldn't simply be accepted as something you have to live with.

Bladder & Bowel Community https://www.bladderandbowel.org

Another useful source is the Bladder & Bowel Community, which provides information, resources and support for people throughout the UK living with bowel and bladder conditions.

Keeping your own bowel diary

It can also be worth becoming your own detective.

Keep a simple diary recording bowel movements, stool consistency, constipation, bloating, pain, food and fluid intake, exercise and any laxatives or medicines taken. Over time, patterns may emerge, and the information could be extremely useful when talking to your GP, pharmacist, dietitian or gastroenterology team.

Don't automatically assume that what works for another constipation sufferer will work for you. Constipation can have different underlying mechanisms, including slow movement through the colon and problems with the pelvic-floor muscles involved in emptying the bowel.

And if you've been diagnosed with an unusually long or convoluted colon, make sure healthcare professionals know about it, particularly before future bowel investigations.

Perhaps the most important message is this: don't be embarrassed to talk about your bowels.

Constipation and bowel problems are extraordinarily common. Guts UK estimates constipation affects around one in seven otherwise healthy people.

Talking about poo might not be glamorous, but sometimes it's exactly what good healthcare requires.

That’s Health note: This article provides general information and isn't a substitute for individual medical advice. Persistent or worsening bowel symptoms should be discussed with a healthcare professional.

Wednesday, 16 September 2026

Are Your Contact Lens Habits Putting Your Sight at Risk?

National Eye Health Week, taking place from 21–27 September, offers an important opportunity to examine how we care for our eyes. 

New research suggests many contact lens wearers may unknowingly be putting their sight at risk.

A survey of 300 UK contact lens wearers, commissioned by eye clinic Oculase, found that 88% had slept in their lenses. 

16% admitted doing so regularly, while over 70% had occasionally fallen asleep without removing them.

“Sleeping in contact lenses reduces oxygen to your cornea, leaving the surface stressed, slightly swollen and more fragile,” Oculase founder Tariq Ayoub explained to That's Health. 

“Without blinking, tears don’t refresh, so debris and microbes get trapped against the eye.”

This increases the risk of microbial keratitis, a potentially sight-threatening infection of the cornea.

However, sleeping in lenses was not the only concerning habit identified. The survey found 79% of respondents had worn contact lenses in the shower, 61% had worn them while swimming or using a hot tub, and 53% had rinsed lenses or storage cases with tap water.

Water can contain organisms that should never become trapped between a contact lens and the eye. Worryingly over 80% of those surveyed had never heard of acanthamoeba keratitis, a rare but serious infection particularly associated with exposing contact lenses to water.

The study also uncovered widespread discomfort. Over half of respondents reported dryness, redness or irritation, while 67% had stopped wearing their lenses at some point because of discomfort or an eye problem.

Contact lens wearer Andy, 46, discovered the risks after waking with a painful, red eye. An ophthalmologist subsequently confirmed that he had developed a contact lens infection.

There also appears to be confusion about the relative risks of contact lenses and laser eye surgery. Only 41% thought contact lenses carried the greater risk of serious infection. 

However, the risks are not directly comparable: contact lenses present a small but continuing risk when worn, while laser treatment is a medical procedure carrying its own short- and long-term considerations. Anyone contemplating surgery should seek independent clinical advice.

Most contact lens complications can be prevented. Always wash and dry your hands before handling lenses, keep them away from tap water, never swim or shower in them, and replace them according to the manufacturer’s or optometrist’s instructions.

Unless specifically prescribed for overnight use, remove lenses before sleeping. Even extended-wear lenses are not risk-free.

If you develop persistent redness, pain, blurred vision, discharge or unusual sensitivity to light, remove your lenses and seek urgent professional advice. When it comes to eye infections, prompt treatment could help protect your sight.

https://oculase.com

Monday, 14 September 2026

Excessive Sweating: Can Topical and Herbal Treatments Help?

Sweating is one of the body's natural cooling mechanisms, but for some people it goes well beyond what is needed to regulate temperature. 

Excessive sweating, medically known as hyperhidrosis, can affect the armpits, hands, feet, face, scalp or other areas of the body.

It can be uncomfortable, embarrassing and surprisingly disruptive. 

Fortunately, there are several treatments available, including conventional topical products and some traditional herbal remedies.

Start With Antiperspirants

There's an important difference between deodorants and antiperspirants. Deodorants primarily tackle odour, while antiperspirants actually reduce the amount of sweat reaching the skin.

Products containing aluminium salts, particularly aluminium chloride, are commonly used for excessive sweating. Stronger preparations are available from pharmacies and may be recommended by a GP.

They are usually applied to completely dry skin at night and washed off in the morning. Following the instructions carefully is important because stronger antiperspirants can cause skin irritation.

What About Sage?

Sage (Salvia officinalis) has a long history of traditional use for excessive perspiration, including sweating associated with the menopause.

Sage is available as tea, tablets, tinctures and other preparations. However, while there is some research into sage for menopausal symptoms such as hot flushes and sweating, evidence for treating hyperhidrosis itself is limited.

Herbal doesn't automatically mean harmless, either. Concentrated sage products can contain thujone, which may be harmful in excessive quantities. Anyone taking medicines, pregnant or breastfeeding, or living with a medical condition should check with a pharmacist or doctor before using herbal supplements.

Witch Hazel

Witch hazel is an astringent and is sometimes suggested as a topical treatment for sweaty skin. Applied to areas such as the feet or underarms, it may make the skin feel temporarily drier.

However, evidence that witch hazel actually treats hyperhidrosis is lacking, and frequent application can irritate sensitive skin. It should therefore be regarded as a possible comfort measure rather than a proven treatment.

Other Traditional Remedies

People sometimes recommend cooled black tea soaks for sweaty hands or feet because tea contains tannins with astringent properties. Again, scientific evidence for treating hyperhidrosis this way is limited.

Whatever remedy you try, avoid applying potentially irritating substances such as neat essential oils or strong acidic preparations to sensitive, broken or freshly shaved skin.

When Sweating Deserves a GP Appointment

Excessive sweating isn't always simply a nuisance. Sometimes it can be associated with another condition or with medication.

It's particularly worth seeking medical advice if excessive sweating starts suddenly, occurs predominantly at night, affects your whole body, is accompanied by unexplained weight loss, fever, palpitations or other symptoms, or represents a significant change from your normal pattern.

A GP may investigate possible underlying causes and discuss treatments ranging from prescription-strength antiperspirants and tablets to iontophoresis, botulinum toxin injections and specialist procedures.

The important message is that you don't necessarily have to put up with excessive sweating. Herbal and traditional remedies may provide some people with modest relief, but persistent or severe hyperhidrosis deserves proper assessment — and there are effective medical treatments available.

Friday, 11 September 2026

Glasses With Built-In Hearing Aids: A Clever Combination or a Compromise?

For millions of people, putting on glasses and hearing aids is simply part of getting ready each morning. So why not combine the two?

Glasses incorporating hearing technology aren't an entirely new idea, but modern electronics have made the concept considerably more practical. 

Some devices incorporate conventional hearing-aid components into the arms of the spectacles, while others use technologies such as directional microphones or bone conduction.

For somebody who needs both vision and hearing assistance, they can sound like an ideal two-in-one solution. But there are advantages and disadvantages worth considering.

The advantages

One device instead of two: Perhaps the most obvious benefit is convenience. Put your glasses on and your hearing assistance comes with them. This may be particularly useful for people who find handling tiny conventional hearing aids difficult because of arthritis, reduced dexterity or poor eyesight.

Less equipment around the ears: Wearing spectacles and behind-the-ear hearing aids simultaneously can sometimes feel crowded. The arms of the glasses, hearing aids and perhaps even a face mask can all compete for the same limited space.

They can be discreet: Hearing technology incorporated into spectacle frames can be less immediately noticeable than some conventional hearing aids. For people who feel self-conscious about wearing hearing aids, this might encourage them to use their hearing assistance more consistently.

Bone-conduction possibilities: Some hearing glasses transmit sound through vibrations in the skull rather than relying entirely on sound travelling through the ear canal. Bone-conduction technology can be useful for particular types of hearing loss, although it certainly isn't suitable for everybody.

Modern technology: Depending upon the model, hearing glasses may offer features such as rechargeable batteries, Bluetooth connectivity and smartphone controls.

But there are disadvantages

The biggest drawback is equally obvious: you cannot easily separate your glasses from your hearing assistance.

Take your spectacles off to clean them, change into prescription sunglasses or simply rest your eyes and you may also lose your hearing assistance. If either part of the combined device develops a fault, you could temporarily lose both.

Choice can also be more restricted. Conventional hearing aids are available in an enormous range of designs, power levels and configurations. Combining them with spectacles inevitably reduces your options, particularly when it comes to choosing frames.

There is also the question of upgrading. Your eyesight and hearing don't necessarily change at the same rate. You might need a new spectacle prescription while being perfectly happy with the hearing technology, or want newer hearing aids while your glasses remain perfectly adequate.

Cost should also be considered. Specialist hearing glasses can be relatively expensive, and repairs or replacement frames may be more complicated than taking ordinary spectacles to your local optician.

Most importantly, hearing loss varies enormously. A system that works brilliantly for one person could be completely inappropriate for another.

Are hearing glasses worth considering?

Absolutely, particularly if you already wear spectacles throughout the day and dislike managing separate hearing aids.

However, don't choose them simply because the two-in-one concept sounds convenient. Have your hearing properly assessed and discuss the different options with a qualified hearing professional or audiologist. It is also worth asking whether you can trial the technology before committing to an expensive purchase.

And remember that unexplained or sudden hearing loss, hearing loss affecting only one ear, persistent tinnitus, dizziness, pain or discharge from the ear should be medically investigated rather than simply addressed by purchasing a hearing device.

Glasses with built-in hearing assistance are unlikely to replace conventional hearing aids for everyone. But for the right person, combining clearer vision and better hearing in one familiar item could be an extremely useful solution.

That’s Health provides general information and does not replace individual medical advice. If you are concerned about changes to your hearing or eyesight, consult an appropriately qualified healthcare professional.

Having tried spectacles with in-built hearing aids I found them to be very large and not what I would call fashionable. They are also very heavy to wear for any long period of time. 

Battery use is also an issue. They need frequent re-charging. Whilst I find it irritating to have to replace the batteries in my current hearing aids every couple of days, I'm not without my hearing aids at all as I carry some spare batteries with me.  

The Health Cupboard: Everyday Household Ingredients That May Help With Common Ailments

Long before we had a pharmacy on every high street, people turned to their kitchens and gardens when dealing with minor ailments. 

While modern medicine has transformed healthcare, some traditional remedies involving ordinary herbs, spices and household ingredients still have a useful place.

They aren't substitutes for proper medical treatment, but for minor, short-lived problems, you may already have something useful in the cupboard.

Ginger. Nausea and digestion

Ginger is probably one of the better-known traditional remedies with modern evidence behind it. Ginger tea, made by steeping slices of fresh ginger in hot water, may help relieve nausea and settle an uncomfortable stomach.

Ginger is particularly well known for helping some people experiencing pregnancy-related nausea, although anyone who is pregnant should discuss supplements and medicinal quantities with their healthcare professional.

Peppermint. Digestive discomfort

Peppermint has traditionally been used for indigestion, wind and digestive discomfort. A cup of peppermint tea after a meal is an easy way to try it.

Peppermint oil preparations are also sometimes used for symptoms associated with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), although concentrated essential oils shouldn't simply be swallowed from a household bottle.

Peppermint can aggravate heartburn or acid reflux in some people.

Honey. Coughs and sore throats

A spoonful of honey, or honey stirred into warm water with lemon, can soothe an irritated throat and may help reduce coughing.

However, honey must never be given to a child under 12 months old because of the risk of infant botulism.

Salt. Not just for seasoning

Too much salt in the diet can contribute to high blood pressure, so moderation is important. Used differently, however, ordinary salt has some useful applications.

Warm salty water can be used as a gargle for a sore throat. A salt-water mouth rinse can also sometimes soothe minor mouth irritation.

Saline solutions are widely used for nasal irrigation too, although this requires particular care. Don't simply mix tap water and salt and pour it into your nose. Properly prepared saline and suitably treated, sterile or previously boiled and cooled water should be used.

Turmeric. Interesting, but don't believe every claim

Turmeric and its component curcumin have attracted enormous attention for possible anti-inflammatory effects.

Adding turmeric to curries, soups, rice and other foods is perfectly reasonable, but claims that turmeric can "cure" serious diseases should be treated with considerable scepticism. Supplements can also interact with medicines and aren't automatically safe simply because they're natural.

Oats. Soothing itchy skin

Oats aren't only breakfast food. Colloidal oatmeal is used in skincare products because of its soothing and moisturising properties.

An oatmeal bath may provide temporary relief from dry, itchy or irritated skin. Persistent itching, unexplained rashes or signs of infection should, however, be assessed by a healthcare professional.

Baking soda. Useful, but use caution

Bicarbonate of soda has traditionally been used for several health-related purposes, including occasional indigestion because it can neutralise stomach acid.

However, regularly swallowing bicarbonate of soda isn't a good DIY treatment for persistent indigestion. It contains sodium and can interfere with medicines or cause problems when taken excessively.

Persistent heartburn deserves proper investigation rather than repeated treatment from the baking cupboard.

Chamomile. Relaxation and bedtime

Chamomile tea is a traditional bedtime drink and some people find its gentle aroma and warmth relaxing.

Don't expect it to act like a sleeping tablet, but incorporating a caffeine-free herbal drink into a regular bedtime routine may help you wind down.

People with certain plant allergies or those taking particular medicines should check whether chamomile is suitable for them.

Cloves. Toothache isn't something to ignore

Clove and clove oil have a long history of use for temporary relief of dental pain, and clove oil contains eugenol, which has local anaesthetic properties.

There is an important distinction between temporary relief and treatment, though. Toothache can indicate decay, infection or an abscess. Clove oil may also irritate or damage gums if used incorrectly.

Use appropriate pharmacy preparations according to their instructions. And arrange to see a dentist.

A bag of frozen peas. The surprisingly useful first-aid item

Not everything useful has to be eaten.

A bag of frozen peas wrapped in a towel makes a remarkably convenient cold pack for minor bumps, sprains and swelling because it moulds around the affected area.

Never place frozen items directly against bare skin, and significant injuries need appropriate medical assessment.

Olive oil. A simple moisturiser?

Olive oil is sometimes suggested as a natural skin moisturiser, although it doesn't suit everybody and may irritate or worsen certain skin conditions.

For very dry or eczema-prone skin, established emollient products are generally a better option. If you experiment with household products on your skin, stop if irritation develops.

Garlic. Healthy food rather than miracle medicine

Garlic is an excellent ingredient and research has explored possible effects on cardiovascular health.

That doesn't make garlic a replacement for prescribed blood-pressure or cholesterol medication. Eating it as part of a varied diet is one thing; consuming large quantities or concentrated supplements medicinally is quite another, particularly for people taking blood-thinning medicines.

The most useful household remedy may be water

We sometimes overlook the simplest things.

Drinking enough fluid helps the body function normally and can be particularly important when dealing with constipation, hot weather or minor illnesses.

But even water isn't a universal treatment. Severe dehydration caused by prolonged vomiting or diarrhoea, for example, may require oral rehydration solution containing carefully balanced amounts of salts and glucose, and sometimes professional medical treatment.

Natural doesn't automatically mean safe

Perhaps the most important rule of the household medicine cupboard is that "natural" and "safe" aren't synonyms.

Herbs and spices contain biologically active substances. Some can interact with prescription medicines, affect blood clotting or blood pressure, trigger allergies or be unsuitable during pregnancy. Essential oils can be particularly concentrated and potentially harmful if swallowed.

Home remedies are most appropriate for minor, familiar and short-lived complaints.

Seek advice from a pharmacist, GP, NHS 111 or another qualified healthcare professional when symptoms are persistent, worsening, unexplained or severe. Call 999 for a life-threatening emergency.

Household remedies can sometimes make us feel a little better. They shouldn't prevent us seeking the medical care we need.

That’s Health note: This article is for general information and isn't intended to diagnose, treat or replace professional medical advice. If you take regular medication, are pregnant, have a long-term medical condition or are considering using herbal products medicinally, consult an appropriate healthcare professional first.

Why You Should Get Your Eyes Tested Before Autumn Arrives

More from That's Health on looking after your vision.

As summer draws to a close, many of us start thinking about preparing for autumn. 

We check the heating, dig out warmer clothes and perhaps start preparing the garden for colder weather.

But there's another check worth putting on your autumn list: your eyesight.

Having an eye examination before the darker months arrive can be particularly worthwhile, and it isn't simply about discovering whether you need new glasses.

The darker evenings are coming

During autumn, daylight hours rapidly shorten. That means more driving, walking and everyday activities taking place in lower light.

You might have perfectly adequate vision on a bright summer afternoon but discover that reading road signs or judging distances becomes noticeably more difficult after dusk.

Problems such as glare from headlights can also become more apparent when you're driving in darkness or wet weather. Or if you are walking glare from headlights causes you problems.

If you've noticed that night driving isn't as comfortable as it once was, don't simply put it down to getting older. Mention it during your eye examination.

An eye test can reveal more than poor eyesight

A comprehensive eye examination isn't simply about deciding whether you need glasses.

An optometrist examines the health of your eyes and can sometimes identify signs of conditions including cataracts and glaucoma. Eye examinations can also reveal changes that warrant further medical investigation.

That's particularly important because some eye diseases can develop without obvious symptoms during their earlier stages.

Has your prescription changed?

Eyesight can change gradually, which means we don't always notice it happening.

You may compensate by holding books further away, increasing the text size on your phone, sitting closer to the television or avoiding driving after dark.

A new prescription could make an enormous difference to everyday comfort.

And if your glasses are scratched, damaged or several years old, this is a good opportunity to have them checked too.

Think about screen use

Many of us now spend hours looking at computers, tablets and smartphones, particularly people working from home. Including bloggers!

Screens don't necessarily damage healthy eyes simply through normal use, but prolonged close work can contribute to tired, uncomfortable or dry eyes.

Remember the 20-20-20 rule: roughly every 20 minutes, look at something around 20 feet away for at least 20 seconds. Regular blinking and sensible breaks can help too.

Children need good vision for school

September is also an excellent time to think about children's eyesight.

A child may not realise that their vision is poorer than everybody else's because, to them, that's simply what the world looks like.

Difficulty reading a classroom board, headaches, eye strain, sitting very close to screens or struggling with schoolwork can sometimes be associated with an eyesight problem.

Regular eye examinations can therefore be an important part of children's health care.

Don't wait for your routine appointment if something is wrong

Routine eye examinations are important, but some symptoms shouldn't wait.

Seek urgent professional advice if you experience a sudden loss or significant change in vision, new flashes or a sudden increase in floaters, a dark curtain or shadow across your vision, severe eye pain, or a painful red eye accompanied by changes in vision.

Depending on the circumstances, contact an optometrist, NHS 111 or an appropriate urgent eye-care service. Serious or sudden symptoms may require emergency treatment.

Put an eye test on your autumn checklist

We routinely arrange MOTs for our cars and have boilers serviced before winter, yet it's surprisingly easy to neglect something as important as our eyesight.

So, before the clocks change and those long autumn evenings arrive, consider booking an eye examination.

Even if the result is simply "Everything looks fine, see you next time", that's reassuring news worth having.

And if something has changed, finding out now could make the darker months ahead considerably clearer.

That’s Health note: Eye examination frequency depends on your age, health, family history and individual risk factors. Follow the interval recommended by your optometrist, and seek professional advice sooner if you notice changes in your eyesight or eye health.

Buying Glasses for Less: Should You Take Your Prescription Somewhere Else?

You've had your eyes tested, been handed your new prescription and then started looking at frames, only to discover that the glasses you fancy could cost considerably more than you expected.

But here's something worth remembering: you don't have to buy your spectacles from the optician who tested your eyes.

In the UK, following your sight test, your optometrist must provide your prescription, and you're free to take it elsewhere. The NHS specifically advises you shouldn't feel obliged to buy your glasses from the practice that performed your eye examination.

That opens up several possibilities, including independent spectacle dispensers and online glasses retailers.

Shopping around could save money

Glasses can become expensive remarkably quickly.

Start with a frame, add prescription lenses, perhaps choose thinner lenses, anti-reflective coatings, photochromic lenses or varifocals, and the final bill can be very different from the price displayed beside the frame.

Taking your prescription elsewhere allows you to compare the complete price, rather than assuming your optometrist's practice is your only option.

An independent dispensing optician may offer frames and lenses at competitive prices while still providing face-to-face measurements, fitting and subsequent adjustments. Registered dispensing opticians are regulated healthcare professionals trained to advise on and fit spectacles according to an individual's visual and lifestyle requirements.

What about buying glasses online?

Online spectacle companies can be extremely tempting, particularly for straightforward single-vision prescriptions.

Advantages can include lower prices, huge frame selections, easy price comparisons and the convenience of ordering without leaving home.

For someone who knows the size and style of frame they like and has a relatively uncomplicated prescription, online glasses can potentially provide an inexpensive second pair, reading glasses or prescription sunglasses.

There is, however, a significant catch.

Your prescription isn't necessarily every measurement required to make your glasses properly.

For example, your pupillary distance, the measurement used to help position the lenses correctly in relation to your eyes, isn't legally required to appear on the prescription provided following your eye examination. Responsibility for properly centring the lenses rests with whoever supplies the spectacles.

Some online companies therefore ask customers to take measurements themselves.

When professional fitting becomes more important

The stronger or more complicated your prescription, the more cautious you should be about choosing glasses purely on price.

The Association of Optometrists particularly highlights high prescriptions, varifocals and substantial differences between the two eyes as situations where accurate measurements are important.

Varifocals are a good example. The positioning of the different viewing areas within the lenses needs to correspond properly with your eyes and the way the frame sits on your face.

There's evidence for exercising caution online. Research cited by the College of Optometrists found spectacles bought online were more likely to fail optical tolerance testing than those supplied through high-street practices. Participants nevertheless identified lower prices, convenience and clearer pricing among the attractions of buying online.

Don't forget the importance of fit

There's another difference that has nothing to do with your prescription.

A pair of glasses needs to fit your face.

Frames that constantly slide down your nose, pinch behind your ears or sit crookedly can become thoroughly irritating.

A good dispensing optician can adjust the sides, nose pads and general position of the frame and check how the spectacles sit once the finished lenses have been fitted.

That's harder to reproduce when your glasses arrive through the post.

Don't confuse buying glasses with having your eyes tested

Perhaps the most important point is that saving money on spectacles shouldn't mean skipping regular eye examinations.

An eye examination isn't merely a means of obtaining a prescription. It's also an opportunity for an optometrist to examine your eye health and identify changes which may need further investigation.

So by all means shop around after you've been properly examined.

The That's Health verdict

There's no single answer suitable for everybody.

For a straightforward prescription, an established online supplier could offer substantial convenience and savings. An independent spectacle fitter may provide an attractive middle ground: competitive prices combined with professional measuring, fitting and aftercare.

For high prescriptions, varifocals, unusual requirements or situations where accurate positioning is particularly important, the advantages of face-to-face professional dispensing become much greater.

And remember to compare like with like. Ask what lenses are included, what coatings you're getting, whether thinning is included, what happens if the glasses aren't right and whether adjustments and aftercare are provided.

Your eyesight is too important to choose glasses solely because they're cheap – but that doesn't mean you have to pay more than necessary.

That’s Health note: This article is intended as general information rather than individual optical or medical advice. Continue to have your eyes examined at the intervals recommended by your optometrist and seek professional advice if you experience changes in your vision.

One particularly useful point for readers receiving help with optical costs is that NHS optical vouchers can be taken to a supplier of their choice provided that supplier accepts them. 

https://www.nhs.uk/nhs-services/opticians/nhs-voucher-values-for-glasses-and-lenses

Wednesday, 9 September 2026

Convoluted Bowels. What they are, how to treat them

Being told that you have a “convoluted bowel” as I was some years ago, can sound rather alarming. In many cases, however, the term refers to a tortuous or redundant colon, a large bowel that is longer than usual and consequently has additional bends, twists or loops.

For some people it causes few problems. For others, the additional journey through the colon can be associated with slower movement of waste and recurrent constipation.

While you cannot change the basic shape of your bowel through diet, there are practical steps that may make constipation easier to manage.

Aim for consistency rather than crisis management

For someone who regularly experiences constipation, the objective should ideally be to keep stools comfortably soft and relatively easy to pass rather than waiting until severe constipation develops.

Adequate fluid intake is important, particularly when increasing dietary fibre. Regular physical activity can also help stimulate normal bowel function, and it doesn't necessarily mean vigorous exercise. Walking and simply avoiding very long periods of inactivity can be beneficial.

Fibre can help, but more isn't always better

Increasing fibre is standard advice for constipation, but it is worth doing gradually.

Good sources include oats, fruit, vegetables, wholegrain foods, pulses and linseed. Fruits such as kiwifruit, pears, plums and prunes can be particularly useful additions to the diet.

However, suddenly consuming large amounts of bran or other coarse fibre isn't necessarily helpful for everyone. It can sometimes result in considerably more wind, bloating and abdominal discomfort.

People with chronic constipation may therefore find it useful to experiment gradually rather than simply adding as much fibre as possible.

Make breakfast work for your bowel

Our digestive system has a useful mechanism called the gastrocolic reflex.

Eating causes the stomach to expand, which sends signals encouraging the colon to move its contents onwards. The response can be particularly noticeable after breakfast.

This makes the period shortly after breakfast a good opportunity to establish a regular toilet routine.

Try allowing yourself five or ten unhurried minutes on the toilet around 15–30 minutes after breakfast. Don't force things if nothing happens and avoid prolonged straining.

A small footstool can also help. Raising the feet so that the knees are slightly higher than the hips creates a more favourable position for opening the bowels. Leaning slightly forwards can help too.

And when the natural urge to open your bowels does arrive, try not to ignore it repeatedly.

What about laxatives?

Occasional constipation can often be managed through lifestyle measures or short-term treatment. Recurrent constipation is different.

If constipation is happening frequently, particularly when you have already been diagnosed with a tortuous or redundant bowel, it's worth discussing a long-term bowel-management plan with your GP or pharmacist.

There are several types of laxative.

Osmotic laxatives such as macrogol (polyethylene glycol or PEG) work by increasing the amount of water retained in the bowel, helping to produce softer stools. Other options include bulk-forming and stimulant laxatives.

Which treatment is most appropriate will depend on the individual, their symptoms, other health conditions and any medicines they are taking. Some commonly prescribed medicines can themselves contribute to constipation, so a medication review may also be worthwhile.

Keep a bowel diary

A simple diary for a couple of weeks can provide surprisingly useful information.

Record when you have a bowel movement, the consistency of the stool, whether you needed to strain, any bloating or abdominal discomfort, and any laxatives or other treatments you used.

The Bristol Stool Chart can make this particularly easy. Types 1 and 2 indicate hard stools associated with constipation, while types 3 and 4 are generally considered more desirable.

Taking this information to a GP can provide a much clearer picture than simply saying, “I get constipated quite often.”

Know when constipation needs medical attention

Although constipation is extremely common, persistent or changing bowel symptoms shouldn't automatically be blamed on a convoluted bowel.

Seek medical advice if constipation is recurrent or isn't improving, or if you experience symptoms such as blood in your stools, unexplained weight loss, persistent abdominal pain or bloating, unusual tiredness or a significant change in your normal bowel habits.

Severe or worsening abdominal pain and swelling accompanied by vomiting and an inability to pass either stools or wind requires urgent medical assessment, as these can be symptoms of a bowel obstruction.

For people living with recurrent constipation, perhaps the most useful conversation to have with a GP is a simple one:

“Can we develop a regular bowel-management plan that helps me prevent constipation rather than treating it once it has become severe?”

Living with a convoluted bowel may mean paying a little more attention to bowel habits than most people need to. But establishing a regular routine, finding the right balance of fibre and fluids, remaining active and getting appropriate medical support can make constipation much easier to manage.

That’s Health note: This article provides general health information and is not a substitute for individual medical advice. Anyone experiencing persistent or concerning bowel symptoms should consult an appropriate healthcare professional.